feat: update to 1.83.0 toolchain; dependency updates

[w-lfchen]

Description

• the flake fell victim to 'targetPlatforms' missing when nixos-rebuild with nixpkgs >= nixos-unstable in flake NixOS/nixpkgs#348832 due to the rust overlay being not up to date, potentially leading to evaluation failures when overriding the nixpkgs input which is fixed by the lockfile update in 89c372d.
• the flake no longer needs to rely on a pr ref for flake-compat since the pr was merged
• unescape -> unescaper since the latter seems to be at least somewhat maintained compared to the first
• jaq and zbus are not up to date, but updating those is a bit more complicated due to major breaking changes

Checklist

• I added my changes to CHANGELOG.md, if appropriate.
• I used cargo fmt to automatically format all code before committing
• tested compilation, tests and clippy

[w-lfchen]

updating this, will be marked as ready once done done
we really need to look into the compilation failures when updating all dependencies