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特殊结构.md

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强调句型

  • 构成：It is (was) that / who / which ...

    I met my old flame in the street yesterday.

    It was I that met my old flame in the street yesterday.

    It was yesterday that I met my old flame in the street.

  • 强调句型可以强调除谓语外所有成分。

    It is to realize my dream that I am considering whether I should dispart with my girlfriend.

    There remain abundant elements to account for the issue.

  • 例句

    So far,you have never realized that because you have unfavorable friends,you failed to go to your dreamable university.

倒装

  • 倒装：把一句话写成一般疑问句的形式，也就是给一句话加个助动词或把be动词放到句首。
  • 使用：

    1. 否定词放在句首用倒装

      I can hardly speak Japanese.

      Hardly can I speak Japanese.

    2. so, no / neither 位于句首，表明承前句子的肯定或否定时用倒装

    3. 含有 so ... that ... 结构的句子将 " so " 引导的部分放在句首用倒装

    4. only 引出的状语位于句首的时用倒装

    5. as 引导的让步状语从句，从句的表语可以放在句首构成倒装

虚拟语气

  • 含义：表示与事实相反或语气委婉

  • 一般用法

    1. if 引导的条件状语从句
      • 如何把条件状语从句变成虚拟语气？ 只需要把已经写好的句子的时态变成他的过去式。并且在虚拟语气中，be动词的过去式只有" was "没有" were "还有could=would=might

    If you are a tear in my eyes,I will never shed it.

    If you were a tear in my eyes,I would never shed it.

    If I was a dog,I could sleep with you in bed.

    If I had been a dog,I could have slept with you in bed.

  • 特殊用法

    • 以下情况从句用 “should + V.” 表示虚拟，并且should可以省略
      • 以防：in case、for fear that等
      • 命令：order、direct、command等
      • 建议：suggest、advise、propose等
      • 要求：ask、request、request、require、demand等
      • 是必要的：It is necessary / important / urgent that ...
    • 以下情况从句用一般过去时表示虚拟
      • 常见的有两个：would rather 和 it is high time that ...

    The independance of kids were cultiveted by senior citizens.

    • 以下情况要区别对待：
      • 就是把原本的时态写成其过去式，常见的词：wish、if only、but for、or / otherwise、as if / as though 等

    If only I were your daughter.

    If only I had been your child.

插入语

  • 定义：放在句子的主谓之间，通常是定语、状语或同位语。

情态动词

  • 含义：表明说话人主观态度的词汇
  • 用法：情态动词后面加动词原型，相当于助动词
    • 情态动词+V. 表示对现在或将来的推测
    • 情态动词+完成式：表示对过去的推测
      1. must have done 一定做过某事

      He must have been self-biased in his university.

      1. needn't have done 本没必要做某事，但是做了

      You needn't have shown me your love in this way.

      1. could have done 本能够做某事，但没做，表示遗憾

      I could have become a prominent poet.

      1. should have done 本应该做某事

      We should have married if there exists a chance.